Ethio exreme book

Questions: Biology 
1.What is the primary mechanism driving evolution according to Charles Darwin?
a) Genetic drift
b) Natural selection
c) Gene flow
d) Mutation  

2.Which of the following best defines evolution?
a) Change in an individual’s traits over its lifetime
b) Change in the genetic makeup of a population over generations
c) Random survival of organisms
d) A sudden increase in population size  

3.What term describes the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce?
a) Artificial selection
b) Survival of the fittest
c) Genetic equilibrium
d) Speciation  

4.Which scientist co-proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection alongside Darwin?
a) Gregor Mendel
b) Alfred Russel Wallace
c) Thomas Huxley
d) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck  

5.What is an example of a vestigial structure in humans?
a) Appendix
b) Lungs
c) Heart
d) Eyes  

6.What type of evolution occurs when two species evolve in response to changes in each other?
a) Divergent evolution
b) Convergent evolution
c) Coevolution
d) Parallel evolution  

7.Which of the following is NOT a source of genetic variation?
a) Mutation
b) Meiosis
c) Uniform weather conditions
d) Gene recombination  

8.What is the term for the formation of a new species?
a) Adaptation
b) Speciation
c) Genetic drift
d) Hybridization  

9.Which type of selection favors individuals at one extreme of a trait’s range?
a) Stabilizing selection
b) Directional selection
c) Disruptive selection
d) Random selection  

10What is an example of convergent evolution?
a) Wings of birds and bats
b) Beaks of Darwin’s finches
c) Human and chimpanzee hands
d) Legs of horses and zebras  

11.What is the name of the ship Darwin sailed on during his voyage that inspired his theory?
a) HMS Victory
b) HMS Beagle
c) HMS Endeavour
d) HMS Challenger  

12.Which of these is a key piece of evidence for evolution?
a) Fossil record
b) Photosynthesis
c) Cell division
d) Weather patterns  

13.What term describes traits that are similar due to common ancestry?
a) Analogous
b) Homologous
c) Vestigial
d) Convergent  

14.Which process can lead to evolution by randomly changing allele frequencies in a small population?
a) Natural selection
b) Genetic drift
c) Gene flow
d) Artificial selection  

15.What did Lamarck incorrectly propose as a mechanism of evolution?
a) Survival of the fittest
b) Inheritance of acquired characteristics
c) Genetic mutation
d) Random mating  

16.Which of these is an example of artificial selection?
a) Evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
b) Breeding of dogs for specific traits
c) Formation of new species in the wild
d) Migration of birds  

17.What type of evolution occurs when unrelated species develop similar traits due to similar environments?
a) Divergent evolution
b) Convergent evolution
c) Adaptive radiation
d) Genetic drift  

18.What is adaptive radiation?
a) Evolution of a species into multiple forms to fill different niches
b) Random loss of genetic diversity
c) Movement of genes between populations
d) Selection against extreme traits  

19.Which of the following best supports the idea of common descent?
a) Different species having unique DNA
b) Similarities in embryonic development across species
c) Random mutations in populations
d) Seasonal changes in behavior  

20.What is the role of mutations in evolution?
a) They always cause harmful changes
b) They provide new genetic variation for natural selection
c) They prevent species from adapting
d) They only occur in large populations

Answers:
1.b  

2.b  

3.b  

4.b  

5.a  

6.c  

7.c  

8.b  

9.b  

10.a  

11.b  

12.a  

13.b  

14.b  

15.b  

16.b  

17.b  

18.a  

19.b  

20.b
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📌 Physics Motion in a straight line Q&A

1. What is the definition of rectilinear motion?
A) Motion in a circular path 
B) Motion along a straight line 
C) Motion with varying velocity 
D) Motion along a curved path 

Answer: B) Motion along a straight line

2. An object is in motion if:
A) It remains at rest 
B) It changes position relative to a reference point 
C) It moves in a circular path 
D) Its speed remains constant 

Answer: B) It changes position relative to a reference point

3. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
A) Displacement 
B) Velocity 
C) Distance 
D) Acceleration 

Answer: C) Distance

4. Displacement refers to:
A) The total path length travelled by a body 
B) The change in position of a body in a certain direction 
C) The speed of an object 
D) The average velocity of an object 

Answer: B) The change in position of a body in a certain direction

5. How can the speed of an object be calculated?
A) Distance divided by time 
B) Displacement divided by time 
C) Velocity multiplied by time 
D) Acceleration multiplied by time 

Answer: A) Distance divided by time

6. Which of the following is true about velocity?
A) Velocity is always the same as speed 
B) Velocity is a scalar quantity 
C) Velocity includes both speed and direction 
D) Velocity cannot be zero 

Answer: C) Velocity includes both speed and direction

7. The average velocity is:
A) Displacement divided by time 
B) Distance divided by time 
C) Speed at a specific instant 
D) Zero for uniform motion 

Answer: A) Displacement divided by time

8. When is the average velocity the same as instantaneous velocity?
A) When the object is accelerating 
B) When the object is in uniform motion 
C) When the object changes direction 
D) When the object is at rest 

Answer: B) When the object is in uniform motion

9. Which of the following is true about acceleration?
A) Acceleration occurs only when an object speeds up 
B) Acceleration can also occur when an object slows down 
C) Acceleration does not depend on the direction of motion 
D) Acceleration is not related to a change in velocity 

Answer: B) Acceleration can also occur when an object slows down

10. Uniform motion refers to:
A) Motion with varying speed 
B) Motion along a curved path 
C) Motion along a straight line with constant velocity 
D) Motion where the object is at rest 

Answer: C) Motion along a straight line with constant velocity

11. The slope of a position-versus-time graph represents:
A) Acceleration 
B) Instantaneous velocity 
C) Distance 
D) Average velocity 

Answer: B) Instantaneous velocity

12. What is true about instantaneous velocity and average velocity if the velocity is constant?
A) Instantaneous velocity is always greater than average velocity 
B) Instantaneous velocity is less than average velocity 
C) Instantaneous velocity equals average velocity 
D) Instantaneous velocity cannot be determined 

Answer: C) Instantaneous velocity equals average velocity

13. Which of the following quantities is a vector?
A) Distance 
B) Speed 
C) Displacement 
D) Time 

Answer: C) Displacement

14. If an object moves with constant speed, what can be said about its velocity?
A) It is constantly changing 
B) It has zero acceleration 
C) Its displacement is zero 
D) It is non-uniform 

Answer: B) It has zero acceleration

15. What is the change in the position of a body called?
A) Distance 
B) Displacement 
C) Speed 
D) Acceleration 

Answer: B) Displacement

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